This Report represents the first scientific committee effort by the National Council on Radiation Protection and Measurements (NCRP) devoted solely to radiation protection at nuclear power plants. The members of the Committee represent a mixture of corporate management, operational and regulatory personnel. This Report is another in the series of reports produced under the umbrella of NCRP Scientific Committee 46 on Operational Radiation Safety. There is a wealth of material presented in this Report drawn from the more than 35 years of practical experience in nuclear power operation in this country and Canada. The world's literature on the subject has been reviewed and pertinent material has been incorporated into this Report. The application of the principle of ALARA (as low as reasonable achievable), as promulgated by national (NCRP) and international [International Commission on Radiological Protection (ICRP)] committees, is the central theme and operational examples of its use are provided.