Since its introduction by Tswett in 1901 as column chromatography for the separation of plant pigments, separation science has developed many diversified branches, each of which has its advantages, limitations, and fields of application. This book explores many aspects of separation science. For example, Dr. Leslie Ettre discusses the development of chromatography in the twentieth century, a period that witnessed the emergence, development, and dominance of separation science as an analytical technique. Today, chromatography and electrophoresis are ‘‘must’’ techniques in the analytical laboratory, a topic further explored in Professor Johan Roeraade’s chapter, ‘‘From Crushed Bricks to Microchips,’’ which delineates the major developments in separation science.