The Loss of El Dorado: A Colonial History
Date: 11 April 2011, 20:22
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The Spanish were sure that there was a "Third Marquisate" out there somewhere. The first two Marquisates were Mexico and Peru, two fabulously wealthy ancient Native American civilizations looted and conquered by Spain. Spain was sure that another one- El Dorado- was out there begging to be plundered, just beyond what is now Columbia and Venezuela. Not wanting to miss out on yet another one, England gets into the act. The island of Trinidad is the perfect place from which to launch expeditions into the South American interior looking for El Dorado. Thousands of men march into the Amazon jungle, never to be heard from again. Yet rumors persist... Eventually everyone tires of looking for El Dorado, and Trinidad is forgotten. Spanish colonists on Trinidad might as well be shipwrecked, as decades go by without a visit from a Spanish ship. Three Spanish nobles are given the Governorship, but none want it. Spanish people are encouraged to migrate to Trinidad, but few go. Spain invites French landowners from elsewhere in the Caribbean (displaced by the French Revolution) to settle in Trinidad, and some come to set up plantations on the island. In 1797 the British send eighteen ships to take Trinidad from Spain. Outnumbered, the Spanish capitulate with barely a fight. The Spanish on the island aren't that unhappy about the British takeover anyway. Spain has ignored Trinidad, and at least the British aren't the revolutionary French. Now there are settlers from three European countries trying to live together in Trinidad- the Spanish, the French planters, and the English. Which countries laws to follow? Some traditions are kept by French and Spanish planters in Trinidad, notably cruelty to slaves. These practices offend some British. Three revolutions make folks nervous in Trinidad- The American Revolution, the French Revolution, and finally the Negro slave revolt in Haiti. The British try to turn all the revolutionary fervor to their own advantage, hoping for a Fourth Revolution in which South America throws off Spain. They scheme with a Venezuelan named Miranda. All this makes for a fascinating, well told story by a Nobel-prize winning novelist. I've always found Caribbean history fascinating, as Europe squabbles over these beautiful islands. You don't have to know Caribbean history to enjoy the sun on a lovely beach, but knowing some makes your island time even more enjoyable.
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