Date: 27 May 2011, 05:03
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Any telecommunicatioii system has as one of its key elements what we will simply call a receiver. For the purpose of our discussion, we will also use this term to describe a combination of a receiving antenna, a receiver proper, and an end device. The antenna picks up electromagnetic energy and converts it to a radio-frequency (r.f.) voltage. The receiver processes the incoming energy spectrum to extract valid signals, amplifies them at the expense of a local power supply, processes them so as to minimize the noise or other interference present in the input wave, and detects the r.f. signals to shape a wave which is a faithful replica of the transmitted message. In the end device, the signals thus extracted are utilized to produce a desired effect which may be audio (by a speaker or a pair of headphones), visual (by a TV picture lube or kinescope), mechanical (by a radio telegraph set), etc. The end device may be an integral part of the receiver or a stand-alone unit. In this book, we will look into the physical foundations of signal reception in the presence of noise, the principles underlying the structure of various receivers and their key functional elements, their theory, and parameter calculation. Presumably, the reader has acquired a working knowledge of the mathematical models and properties applicable to signal and noise, the methods used in the analysis of linear and nonlinear circuits and communication channels having constant and varying parameters, the theory and properties of antenna-feeder systems, radio wave propagation, the physical principles lying at the basis of signal generation, amplification, modulation and detection, frequency conversion, amplitude limiting, the basic theory of electromagnetic compatibility in relation to telecommunications, integrated-circuit (IC) technology, and use of microprocessors.
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