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Petroleum Engineering Handbook, Vol. 3 - Facilities and Construction Engineering
Petroleum Engineering Handbook, Vol. 3 - Facilities and Construction Engineering
Date: 12 April 2011, 16:07

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The science of facilities engineering did not exist in the early days of oil and gas development. Oil was produced to tanks, where gas was vented and water and sediments were allowed to settle to the bottom. In the early 1900s, anecdotal evidence indicated that oil recovery was higher when a separator preceded the tank than when oil flowed directly into the tank. The original separators had working pressures of approximately 150 psi with simple mechanical lever-operated controls. With time, as deeper, higher-pressure wells were drilled and local distribution systems were developed to use the gas, separator working pressures increased. It was not until the mid-20th century that horizontal separators were first developed and tested to handle a growing need for high gas flow/low liquid flow separators. At this point, facilities were not designed in a systematic way. For the most part, field personnel using empirically developed rules of thumb were able to “hook up” standard components based on slowly evolving experience with little or no disciplined thought. The need for documentation, quality control, and modern sensitivities to safety and environmental concerns were only beginning to be formed.

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