In the past two decades, enormous strides have been made in our understanding of the relationships between inflammation, innate immune responses, adaptive immune responses, and degenerative human diseases. The developing information has mostly appeared in specialty journals that have dealt only with isolated aspects of these tightly related fields. As a result, contemporary scientists have had a difficult time finding sources, even in review articles, that provide an integrated picture. This volume, by assembling chapters that demonstrate the relationship between these historically separated fields, overcomes that difficulty. There are sections on immunology of the nervous system, diseases that result from immunological dysfunction, current therapeutic approaches, and prospects for the future. Overall, it integrates cutting-edge neuroscience, immunology, pharmacology, neurogenetics, neurogenesis, gene therapy, adjuvant therapy, proteomics, and magnetic resonance imaging. It is a rich harvest and readers will gain a perspective that has not previously been so readily available. Exposure to such a wealth of ideas is bound to inspire readers to undertake new and productive research initiatives.