Locomotion, Volume 7: Locomotion (Fish Physiology)
| Date: 28 April 2011, 04:32
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Locomotion, Volume 7: Volume 7: Locomotion (Fish Physiology)
By William S. Hoar, David J. Randall
* Publisher: Academic Press
* Number Of Pages: 576
* Publication Date: 1979-02-11
* ISBN-10 / ASIN: 0123504074
* ISBN-13 / EAN: 9780123504074
PREFACE
Locomotion in fish varies considerably, both quantitatively and
qualitatively, between species and within species with age and environment.
Only a few swimming modes in a small number of species
have been examined in detail by a relatively small number of investigators.
However, these studies, drawing on expertise from a variety
of disciplines, have greatly increased our understanding of how fish
move, and the flurry of activity is throwing some light on a previously
confused and confusing field. This volume attempts to deta i'1 ourpresent
stage of understanding of fish locomotion.
In order to clarify discussions, we have attempted to categorize
some swimming activities in fish and hope that these categories will
gain general acceptance. Neither the terms nor the groupings are new,
but are drawn from already published work referred to in the text. The
limitations of such a classification are that it tends to obscure variability
and to present swimming activity as a series of discrete categories
rather than a continuum.
The contents of this volume reflect areas of study rather than a
balanced report on all aspects of fish locomotion. For instance, the first
chapter describes the variety of locomotor patterns in fish, and then
swimming modes in trout and tuna are discussed in detail in two
further chapters. This is not to imply that there is something very
different about tuna and trout locomotion compared with that of other
fishes, only that these modes have been studied in detail, whereas
other modes of locomotion in fish have not.
The neural control and generation of locomotor patterns are poorly
understood in any vertebrate. In fish, we are still at the stage of describing
the types of nerve and muscle fibers present, how they are
arranged and function to initiate and generate movements. There are
only a few studies of the control of the respiratory and cardiovascular
systems in fish during exercise and there are huge gaps in our understanding
of these fields. The same can be said of metabolic changes
associated with exercise. Each of these subjects is reviewed in an
attempt to indicate areas of knowledge and regions of ignorance.
A relatively small number of fish, in particular, tunas and lamnid
sharks, are able to maintain muscle temperatures above ambient
levels. These animals swim continuously utilizing the hot trunk muscle.
This subject is reviewed as a special aspect of fish locomotion.
Finally, many people advised and helped us in editing this text; in
particular, the chapters were reviewed by many people other than
ourselves. We are grateful for all help given. The result is a better text,
more useful we hope, to those interested in fish locomotion.
W. S. HOAR
D. J. RANDALL
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