CRC Handbook of Thermoelectrics
| Date: 26 April 2011, 01:51
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Thermoelectrics is the science and technology associated withthermoelectric converters, that is, the generation of electrical power by the Seebeck effect and refrigeration by the Peltier effect. Thermoelectric generators are being used in increasing numbers to provide electrical power in medical, military, and deep space applications where combinations of their desirable properties outweigh their relatively high cost and low generating efficiency. In recent years there also has been an increase in the requirement for thermoelectric coolers (Peltier devices) for use in infrared detectors and in optical communications. Information on thermoelectrics is not readily available as it is widely scattered throughout the literature. The Handbook centralizes this information in a convenient format under a single cover.
Sixty of the world’s foremost authorities on thermoelectrics have contributed to this Handbook. It is comprised of fifty-five chapters, a number of which contain previously unpublished material. The contents are arranged in eight sections: general principles and theoretical considerations, material preparation, measurement of thermoelectric properties, thermoelectric materials, thermoelectric generation, generator applications, thermoelectric refrigeration, and applications of thermoelectric cooling.
The CRC Handbook of Thermoelectrics has a broad-based scope. It will interest researchers, technologists, and manufacturers, as well as students and the well-informed, non-specialist reader.
Table of Contents:
1 Introduction 1
2 Thermoelectric Phenomena 7
3 Conversion Efficiency and Figure-of-Merit 19
4 Thermoelectric Transport Theory 27
5 Optimization of Carrier Concentration 43
6 Minimizing the Thermal Conductivity 55
7 Selective Carrier Scattering in Thermoelectric Materials 67
8 Thermomagnetic Phenomena 75
9 Preparation of Thermoelectric Materials from Melts 83
10 Powder Metallurgy Techniques 101
11 PIES Method of Preparing Bismuth Alloys 109
12 Preparation of Thermoelectric Materials by Mechanical Alloying 125
13 Preparation of Thermoelectric Films 131
14 Calculation of Peltier Device Performance 143
15 Measurements of Electrical Properties 157
16 Measurement of Thermal Properties 165
17 Z-Meters 181
18 Methodology for Testing Thermoelectric Materials and Devices 189
19 Bismuth Telluride, Antimony Telluride, and Their Solid Solutions 211
20 Valence Band Structure and the Thermoelectric Figure-of-Merit of [actual symbol not reproducible] Te[subscript 3] Crystals 239
21 Lead Telluride and Its Alloys 257
22 Properties of the General TAGS System 267
23 Thermoelectric Properties of Silicides 277
24 Polycrystalline Iron Disilicide as a Thermoelectric Generator Material 287
25 Thermoelectric Properties of Anisotropic MnSi[subscript 1.75] 299
26 Low Carrier Mobility Materials for Thermoelectric Applications 311
27 Semimetals as Materials for Thermoelectric Generators 321
28 Silicon Germanium 329
29 Rare Earth Compounds 339
30 Thermoelectric Properties of High-Temperature Superconductors 349
31 Boron Carbides 373
32 Thermoelectric Properties of Metallic Materials 387
33 Neutron Irradiation Damage in SiGe Alloys 401
34 New Materials and Performance Limits for Thermoelectric Cooling 407
35 Miniature Semiconductor Thermoelectric Devices 441
36 Commercially Available Generators 459
37 Modular RTG Technology 471
38 Peltier Devices as Generators 479
39 Calculations of Generator Performance 489
40 Terrestrial Applications of Thermoelectric Generators 503
41 Space Applications 515
42 SP-100 Space Subsystems 539
43 Safety Aspects of Thermoelectrics in Space 551
44 Low-Temperature Heat Conversion 573
45 Thermoelectric Refrigeration: Introduction 595
46 Module Design and Fabrication 597
47 Cooling Thermoelements with Superconducting Leg 609
48 Applications of Thermoelectric Cooling: Introduction 617
49 Commercial Peltier Modules 621
50 Thermoelectrically Cooled Radiation Detectors 633
51 Reliability of Peltier Coolers in Fiber-Optic Laser Packages 641
52 Laboratory Equipment 647
53 Large-Scale Cooling: Integrated Thermoelectric Element Technology 657
54 Medium-Scale Cooling: Thermoelectric Module Technology 667
55 Modeling of Thermoelectric Cooling Systems 677
Index 687
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